{"id":511109,"date":"2022-05-06T09:55:24","date_gmt":"2022-05-06T13:55:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/mud-glyphs-3d-mapping-cave-art\/"},"modified":"2022-05-06T02:55:40","modified_gmt":"2022-05-06T06:55:40","slug":"glifos-barro-maeo-3d-cuevas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/es\/glifos-barro-maeo-3d-cuevas\/","title":{"rendered":"Tecnolog\u00eda 3D revela el mayor repositorio de arte rupestre de Norteam\u00e9rica"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_510876\" style=\"width: 760px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510876\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510876\" src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4.png\" alt=\"Glifo de barro de una cueva en Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510876\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510876\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 750 481&quot;&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4.png\" alt=\"Glifo de barro de una cueva en Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"481\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-4-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-510876\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antropomorfo vestido de 1.80 metros de largo (Foto: Stephen Alvarez; ilustraci&oacute;n: Jan Simek)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>El sureste de Estados Unidos cuenta con m&aacute;s de 10,000 cuevas ricas en historia. Los pueblos originarios utilizaron estas cuevas como lienzo, dejando tras de s&iacute; una gran cantidad de arte rupestre. Hasta ahora, buena parte de ese arte hab&iacute;a permanecido oculto debido a su ubicaci&oacute;n en espacios estrechos y a la acumulaci&oacute;n de barro que ha cubierto estas marcas. Pero un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/antiquity\/article\/discovering-ancient-cave-art-using-3d-photogrammetry-precontact-native-american-mud-glyphs-from-19th-unnamed-cave-alabama\/695DFD2980B69D520A56A320D6549E76#figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nuevo estudio<\/a> ha mostrado c&oacute;mo la tecnolog&iacute;a 3D puede ayudar a revelar estos misterios.<\/p>\n<p>Un grupo de investigadores entre los que se encuentra el fot&oacute;grafo Stephen &Aacute;lvarez, quien a menudo colabora con <em>National Geographic<\/em>, y Jan Simek, arque&oacute;logo de la Universidad de Tennessee, Knoxville, utiliz&oacute; esc&aacute;neres en 3D en una enorme cueva de Alabama, y los resultados son incre&iacute;bles. La 19&ordm; cueva sin nombre tiene algo m&aacute;s de cinco kil&oacute;metros de longitud y se encuentra en un terreno privado de Alabama. Su ubicaci&oacute;n exacta se mantiene en secreto para evitar que sea vandalizada. Simek y su equipo llevan m&aacute;s de 20 a&ntilde;os estudiando la cueva, pero siempre les hab&iacute;a resultado dif&iacute;cil documentar su arte rupestre.<\/p>\n<p>&iquest;Por qu&eacute;? Para empezar, los techos son bajos. Tan bajos que, cuando &Aacute;lvarez intent&oacute; fotografiarlos en 1998, fue imposible conseguir una buena toma. &#8220;No pude tomar una imagen interesante de ese techo&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/3-d-scans-reveal-gigantic-native-american-cave-art-in-alabama-180980004\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">comparti&oacute;<\/a>. &#8220;No habr&iacute;a forma de que una revista publicara una de esas fotos&#8221;.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_510870\" style=\"width: 760px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510870\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510870\" src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2.png\" alt=\"Mapeo en 3D de una cueva por Stephen Alvarez\" width=\"750\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2-300x94.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510870\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510870\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 750 234&quot;&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2.png\" alt=\"Mapeo en 3D de una cueva por Stephen Alvarez\" width=\"750\" height=\"234\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-2-300x94.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-510870\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stephen Alvarez fotografiando la 19&ordm; cueva sin nombre (Foto: Alan Cressler).<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Tambi&eacute;n era muy dif&iacute;cil, si no es que imposible, ver el arte rupestre. Los glifos de barro son marcas hechas en arcilla h&uacute;meda. A lo largo de los a&ntilde;os, el entorno h&uacute;medo ha mantenido estas marcas a salvo, pero tambi&eacute;n las cubr&iacute;an con una capa de barro que imped&iacute;a verlas a simple vista. Afortunadamente, en 2017 se desarroll&oacute; la tecnolog&iacute;a para superar estos desaf&iacute;os.<\/p>\n<p>Utilizando una t&eacute;cnica de mapeo en 3D llamada <em>fotogrametr&iacute;a<\/em>, &Aacute;lvarez &ndash;que tambi&eacute;n dirige el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ancientartarchive.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archivo de Arte Antiguo<\/a>&ndash; fue capaz de unir miles de fotos de alta resoluci&oacute;n. El proyecto les oblig&oacute; a construir un nuevo ordenador despu&eacute;s de que el calor generado por el procesamiento de las im&aacute;genes fundiera la placa base de su ordenador original.<\/p>\n<p>Los resultados confirmaron lo que Alan Cressler, el fot&oacute;grafo y explorador que descubri&oacute; la cueva y fue coautor del estudio, hab&iacute;a notado: hab&iacute;a muchos m&aacute;s glifos de barro de los que inicialmente se cre&iacute;a. De hecho, la 19&ordm; cueva sin nombre puede considerarse ahora el mayor dep&oacute;sito de arte rupestre de Norteam&eacute;rica.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_510867\" style=\"width: 760px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510867\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510867\" src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1.png\" alt=\"Glifo de barro ind&iacute;gena en una cueva en Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1-300x196.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510867\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510867\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 750 489&quot;&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1.png\" alt=\"Glifo de barro ind&iacute;gena en una cueva en Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"489\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-1-300x196.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-510867\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figura de serpiente con cabeza redonda y marcas corporales en forma de diamante (Foto: Stephen Alvarez; ilustraci&oacute;n: Jan Simek)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Muchos de los glifos de barro son de gran tama&ntilde;o, y el m&aacute;s grande mide m&aacute;s de dos metros. Las im&aacute;genes incluyen muchas representaciones de figuras humanas vestidas, as&iacute; como serpientes. Aunque el significado exacto del arte sigue siendo un misterio, Simek cree que es probable que tengan un significado espiritual. Fueron creadas hace m&aacute;s de 1,000 a&ntilde;os, durante el periodo silv&iacute;cola, una &eacute;poca en la que los grupos ind&iacute;genas de la zona consideraban que las cuevas eran portales espirituales.<\/p>\n<p>Ahora comienza la ardua tarea de catalogar los glifos de barro reci&eacute;n descubiertos, as&iacute; como de desentra&ntilde;ar el misterio que encierra su significado. El equipo tambi&eacute;n utilizar&aacute; sus habilidades en el modelado de cuevas en 3D para seguir documentando a&uacute;n m&aacute;s cuevas en el sureste americano, con sus hallazgos publicados en el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ancientartarchive.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archivo de Arte Antiguo<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Un grupo de investigadores ha utilizado tecnolog&iacute;a de mapeo 3D para revelar los antiguos glifos de barro en una cueva de Alabama.<\/h2>\n<div class=\"video-wrapper\"><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/b32ONX5O_AI\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" ><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2>Estas obras de arte rupestre fueron creadas hace m&aacute;s de 1,000 a&ntilde;os por grupos ind&iacute;genas de la zona.<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_510873\" style=\"width: 760px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510873\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510873\" src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3.png\" alt=\"Native American Cave Art in Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3-275x300.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-510873\" class=\"lazyload size-full wp-image-510873\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 750 818&quot;&gt;&lt;\/svg&gt;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3.png\" alt=\"Native American Cave Art in Alabama\" width=\"750\" height=\"818\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3.png 750w, https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/alabama-mud-glyph-indigenous-cave-art-3-275x300.png 275w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-510873\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antropomorfo vestido de 2 metros de largo (Foto: Stephen Alvarez; ilustraci&oacute;n: Jan Simek)<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>Si bien la cueva fue descubierta hace m&aacute;s de 20 a&ntilde;os, no fue hasta 2017 cuando la tecnolog&iacute;a avanz&oacute; lo suficiente como para documentar estos dibujos.<\/h2>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" style=\"background: #FFF; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: 0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width: 540px; min-width: 326px; padding: 0; width: calc(100% - 2px);\" data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/CdHe9OtJPIt\/?utm_source=ig_embed&utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\">\n<div style=\"padding: 16px;\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: block; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto 12px; width: 50px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"color: #3897f0; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 550; line-height: 18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\"width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f4f4f4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 8px 0 7px; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap;\"><a style=\"color: #c9c8cd; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 17px; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/CdHe9OtJPIt\/?utm_source=ig_embed&utm_campaign=loading\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A post shared by Ancient Art Archive (@ancientartarchive)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/www.instagram.com\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>h\/t: [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/3-d-scans-reveal-gigantic-native-american-cave-art-in-alabama-180980004\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smithsonian<\/a>]<\/p>\n<h2><u>Art&iacute;culos relacionados:<\/u><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/es\/pintura-rupestre-jabali\/\">Esta incre&iacute;ble pintura rupestre de un jabal&iacute; tiene 45,000 a&ntilde;os de antig&uuml;edad<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/es\/pintura-rupestre-australia-canguro\/\">La pieza de arte rupestre m&aacute;s antigua de Australia es una pintura de canguro de hace 17,300 a&ntilde;os<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/es\/serrania-la-lindosa-pinturas-rupestres\/\">&ldquo;La Capilla Sixtina de la antig&uuml;edad&rdquo;: Investigadores descubren miles de pinturas rupestres en el Amazonas<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mymodernmet.com\/es\/paleomadriguera-perezosos-terrestres-prehistoria\/\">Brasil tiene t&uacute;neles prehist&oacute;ricos creados por perezosos terrestres gigantes<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El sureste de Estados Unidos cuenta con m&aacute;s de 10,000 cuevas ricas en historia. Los pueblos originarios utilizaron estas cuevas como lienzo, dejando tras de s&iacute; una gran cantidad de arte rupestre. Hasta ahora, buena parte de ese arte hab&iacute;a permanecido oculto debido a su ubicaci&oacute;n en espacios estrechos y a la acumulaci&oacute;n de barro [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":321,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_wp_convertkit_post_meta":{"form":"1558017","landing_page":"","tag":"0"},"_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","_ef_editorial_meta_checkbox_needs-photo":"","_ef_editorial_meta_number_word-count":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[374124,168410,168428],"tags":[395874,380017,381100,395875,170097,395873],"class_list":["post-511109","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arte-antiguo","category-historia","category-tecnologia","tag-arte-indigena","tag-arte-nativo-americano","tag-arte-rupestre","tag-glifos","tag-historia-del-arte","tag-mapeo-3d"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - 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